What are some examples of conditional statements in Ruby?

What are some examples of conditional statements in Ruby?

In Ruby, conditional statements allow you to execute code based on certain conditions. Here are a few examples:

1. if statement:

   if age >= 18
     puts 'You are an adult.'
   end
   

2. if-else statement:

   if age >= 18
     puts 'You are an adult.'
   else
     puts 'You are a minor.'
   end
   

3. unless statement:

   unless age < 18
     puts 'You are an adult.'
   end
   

4. case statement:

   case day
   when 'Monday'
     puts 'Start of the week!'
   when 'Friday'
     puts 'Almost the weekend!'
   else
     puts 'Just another day.'
   end
   

Would you like to see more examples or explanations?

Can you explain how the case statement works?

Sure! The case statement in Ruby is used to evaluate a variable against multiple conditions. It’s similar to a switch statement in other languages. Here’s how it works:

1. You start with the case keyword followed by the variable you want to evaluate.
2. Then, you use when to specify each condition. If the condition matches, the corresponding code block will execute.
3. You can also use else to define a default action if none of the conditions match.

Here’s a simple example:

case fruit
when 'apple'
  puts 'This is an apple.'
when 'banana'
  puts 'This is a banana.'
else
  puts 'Unknown fruit.'
end

This will print the message based on the value of the fruit variable.

What about nested conditional statements?

Nested conditional statements are when you place one conditional statement inside another. This allows for more complex decision-making. Here’s an example:

if age >= 18
  puts 'You are an adult.'
  if age >= 65
    puts 'You are a senior citizen.'
  end
else
  puts 'You are a minor.'
end

In this example, if the age is 18 or older, it checks if the age is also 65 or older to determine if the person is a senior citizen.