What are the differences between unique_ptr and shared_ptr in C++?

What are the differences between unique_ptr and shared_ptr in C++?

In C++, unique_ptr is a smart pointer that owns a dynamically allocated object exclusively, while shared_ptr allows multiple pointers to share ownership of the same object.

Can you explain how memory management works with these pointers?

Sure! unique_ptr automatically deletes the object it owns when it goes out of scope, preventing memory leaks. shared_ptr uses reference counting to keep track of how many pointers share ownership, deleting the object only when the last shared_ptr is destroyed.

When should I use one over the other?

Use unique_ptr when you want sole ownership and no need for shared access. Use shared_ptr when multiple parts of your program need to share ownership of an object.

Are there any performance implications between the two?

Yes, unique_ptr is generally more efficient since it has no overhead for reference counting, while shared_ptr incurs some overhead due to managing the reference count.