What are advanced C++ templates and how can I use them?

What are advanced C++ templates and how can I use them?

Advanced C++ templates allow for more flexible and reusable code through features like template specialization and variadic templates.

Can you explain template specialization with an example?

Sure! Template specialization lets you define a specific implementation for a particular type. For example:

template <typename T>
class MyClass {
public:
    void display() { std::cout << "Generic version"; }
};

template <> 
class MyClass<int> {
public:
    void display() { std::cout << "Specialized version for int"; }
};

Here, MyClass<int> has a specialized display method.

What are variadic templates and when should I use them?

Variadic templates allow you to create functions or classes that accept any number of template parameters. They're useful for creating flexible interfaces, like in a logging function that can take multiple arguments of different types.

Can you give me a simple example of a variadic template function?

Certainly! Here's a simple example of a variadic template function that prints all its arguments:

template <typename... Args>
void print(Args... args) {
    (std::cout << ... << args) << '\n';
}

You can call print(1, "hello", 3.14); and it will print all the arguments.