What are some advanced features of namedtuples in Python?

What are some advanced features of namedtuples in Python?

Namedtuples in Python offer features like default values, immutability, and the ability to extend functionality with methods.

Can you give an example of how to use default values with namedtuples?

Sure! You can use the collections.namedtuple along with a factory function to provide default values. Here's an example:

from collections import namedtuple

Person = namedtuple('Person', 'name age city')

# Factory function to create a Person with a default city
def create_person(name, age, city='Unknown'):
    return Person(name, age, city)

john = create_person('John', 30)
print(john)  # Output: Person(name='John', age=30, city='Unknown')

What about adding methods to a namedtuple?

You can subclass a namedtuple to add methods. Here's an example:

from collections import namedtuple

class Person(namedtuple('PersonBase', 'name age')):
    def greet(self):
        return f'Hello, my name is {self.name}.'

john = Person('John', 30)
print(john.greet())  # Output: Hello, my name is John.