What are the differences between asyncio and concurrent.futures in Python?

What are the differences between asyncio and concurrent.futures in Python?

Both asyncio and concurrent.futures are used for concurrent programming in Python, but they have different approaches. asyncio is designed for asynchronous I/O operations using the async/await syntax, while concurrent.futures provides a high-level interface for running tasks asynchronously using threads or processes.

Can you give me an example of how to use asyncio?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

import asyncio

async def say_hello():
    print('Hello')
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print('World!')

asyncio.run(say_hello())

This code defines an asynchronous function that prints 'Hello', waits for 1 second, and then prints 'World!'.

What about concurrent.futures? How does that work?

With concurrent.futures, you can use either ThreadPoolExecutor or ProcessPoolExecutor. Here's an example using ThreadPoolExecutor:

from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor

def say_hello():
    print('Hello from Thread!')

with ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
    executor.submit(say_hello)

This submits the say_hello function to be run in a separate thread.

Which one should I use for my project?

It depends on your use case. If you're dealing with I/O-bound tasks, asyncio is often more efficient. For CPU-bound tasks, concurrent.futures with ProcessPoolExecutor might be a better choice.