What are the best practices for using condition variables in programming?

What are the best practices for using condition variables in programming?

When using condition variables, ensure you always protect shared data with a mutex. This prevents race conditions.

Can you explain how to properly signal a condition variable?

To signal a condition variable, use the signal() or broadcast() functions after modifying the shared data, while holding the mutex.

What are the common pitfalls to avoid with condition variables?

Common pitfalls include forgetting to lock the mutex before waiting or signaling, and not handling spurious wakeups.

How do condition variables differ from semaphores?

Condition variables are used for signaling between threads, while semaphores are used for controlling access to a resource.