What are the best practices for using class variables in Python?

What are the best practices for using class variables in Python?

Class variables should be used for attributes that are shared across all instances of a class. It's best to keep them immutable when possible.

Can you give an example of a class variable?

Sure! For instance, if you have a class Dog, you might have a class variable species that is the same for all instances: species = 'Canis familiaris'.

How do class variables differ from instance variables?

Class variables are shared among all instances, while instance variables are unique to each instance. Changes to a class variable affect all instances.

Are there any common pitfalls to avoid with class variables?

Yes, one common pitfall is modifying a class variable directly through an instance, which can lead to unexpected behavior. Always use the class name to modify class variables.