What are the best practices for normalization in databases?

What are the best practices for normalization in databases?

Normalization is the process of organizing data to reduce redundancy. Best practices include using the first three normal forms, ensuring data integrity, and avoiding unnecessary complexity.

Can you explain the first three normal forms?

Sure! The first normal form (1NF) requires that all columns contain atomic values. The second normal form (2NF) requires that all non-key attributes are fully functional dependent on the primary key. The third normal form (3NF) requires that all attributes are only dependent on the primary key.

What are some common mistakes to avoid during normalization?

Common mistakes include over-normalizing, which can lead to excessive joins, and under-normalizing, which can cause data redundancy. It's important to find a balance.

How does normalization affect database performance?

Normalization can improve data integrity and reduce redundancy, but it may also lead to performance issues due to the need for more complex queries. It's essential to analyze the specific use case.