What are the best practices for schema evolution in databases?

What are the best practices for schema evolution in databases?

Schema evolution refers to the process of managing changes to a database schema over time. Best practices include versioning your schema, using backward-compatible changes, and maintaining comprehensive documentation.

Can you explain what backward-compatible changes are?

Backward-compatible changes are modifications that allow existing applications to continue functioning without any changes. For example, adding a new column with a default value is typically backward-compatible.

What tools can help with schema evolution?

There are several tools available, such as Liquibase, Flyway, and Alembic, which help manage database migrations and schema changes effectively.

How often should I review my database schema?

It's a good practice to review your database schema regularly, ideally during major application updates or at least once a year, to ensure it meets current needs.