What are the best practices for using structs and classes in programming?

What are the best practices for using structs and classes in programming?

When using structs and classes, it's important to consider encapsulation, inheritance, and immutability. Structs are typically used for small data structures, while classes are better for larger, more complex objects.

Can you explain encapsulation and why it's important?

Encapsulation is the principle of bundling data and methods that operate on that data within one unit, like a class. It helps protect the internal state of an object and prevents external interference, which enhances code maintainability.

What about inheritance? How does it relate to classes?

Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class, promoting code reuse and establishing a hierarchical relationship. It helps in creating a more organized and manageable code structure.

Are there any situations where I should prefer structs over classes?

Yes, prefer structs for simple data types that are immutable and have value semantics, like coordinates or RGB colors. Classes are better for complex objects that require behavior and identity.