What are the best practices for managing scope in Python?

What are the best practices for managing scope in Python?

Managing scope in Python is crucial for avoiding bugs and ensuring code clarity. Here are some best practices:

1. Use functions to encapsulate code and create local scopes.
2. Avoid using global variables unless necessary.
3. Be mindful of variable shadowing in nested scopes.
4. Use clear and descriptive variable names to indicate their scope.

Can you explain what variable shadowing means?

Variable shadowing occurs when a variable in a local scope has the same name as a variable in an outer scope. This can lead to confusion, as the inner variable 'shadows' the outer one, making it inaccessible within that local scope.

How can I avoid variable shadowing?

To avoid variable shadowing, use unique and descriptive names for your variables, especially in nested functions. Additionally, you can use the nonlocal keyword to modify variables in an outer scope without shadowing them.

What is the difference between local and global scope?

Local scope refers to variables defined within a function, which are only accessible inside that function. Global scope refers to variables defined outside any function, which can be accessed from anywhere in the code.