What is the pseudocode for Breadth-First Search?

Can you explain the pseudocode for Breadth-First Search?

Sure! The pseudocode for BFS typically involves using a queue to explore nodes level by level. Here's a simple version:

1. Initialize a queue and enqueue the starting node.
2. Mark the starting node as visited.
3. While the queue is not empty: a. Dequeue a node from the queue. b. Process the node (e.g., print it). c. Enqueue all unvisited neighbors of the node and mark them as visited.

What are the key differences between BFS and DFS?

BFS explores all neighbors at the present depth before moving on to nodes at the next depth level, while DFS explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking. BFS uses a queue, whereas DFS uses a stack.

Can you give me a real-world application of BFS?

Certainly! BFS is commonly used in networking to find the shortest path in routing algorithms, such as finding the shortest path in a web of connected devices.

How does BFS handle cycles in a graph?

BFS handles cycles by keeping track of visited nodes. If a node is encountered that has already been visited, it is not enqueued again, preventing infinite loops.