What is a binary heap and how does it work?
A binary heap is a complete binary tree that satisfies the heap property. In a max-heap, for any given node, the value of the node is greater than or equal to the values of its children. In a min-heap, the value of the node is less than or equal to its children.
What are the main operations that can be performed on a binary heap?
The main operations are insertion, deletion (usually of the root), and heapify, which maintains the heap property after an operation.
Can you explain how to insert an element into a binary heap?
To insert an element, you add it to the end of the heap (maintaining the complete tree property) and then 'bubble up' to restore the heap property.
What is the time complexity for these operations?
The time complexity for insertion and deletion in a binary heap is O(log n), while accessing the maximum or minimum element is O(1).
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