What are the differences between a binary heap and a binary search tree?

What are the differences between a binary heap and a binary search tree?

A binary heap is a complete binary tree used for implementing priority queues, while a binary search tree (BST) is used for efficient searching and sorting.

Can you explain how the insertion process works in both data structures?

In a binary heap, insertion involves adding the element at the end and then 'bubbling up' to maintain the heap property. In a BST, you find the correct position by comparing values and placing the new node accordingly.

Which one is more efficient for searching?

A binary search tree is generally more efficient for searching, with an average time complexity of O(log n), while a binary heap has O(n) for searching.

Are there any scenarios where one is preferred over the other?

Yes, if you need to frequently access the highest or lowest priority element, a binary heap is preferred. For sorted data retrieval, a BST is better.