What are the best practices for using smart pointers in C++?

What are the best practices for using smart pointers in C++?

When using smart pointers in C++, it's important to choose the right type: std::unique_ptr for exclusive ownership, std::shared_ptr for shared ownership, and std::weak_ptr to avoid circular references.

Can you explain when to use std::weak_ptr?

std::weak_ptr is used to break circular references in shared ownership scenarios. It allows you to reference an object managed by std::shared_ptr without increasing its reference count.

What are some common pitfalls to avoid with smart pointers?

Common pitfalls include mixing raw pointers with smart pointers, creating circular references with std::shared_ptr, and not using std::make_shared or std::make_unique for better performance and safety.

How do smart pointers improve memory management?

Smart pointers automatically manage memory, ensuring that resources are released when they are no longer needed, which helps prevent memory leaks and dangling pointers.