C++: Binary Search Tree vs Hash Table

What are the main differences between a binary search tree and a hash table in C++?

A binary search tree (BST) is a tree data structure that maintains sorted data and allows for efficient searching, insertion, and deletion. A hash table, on the other hand, uses a hash function to map keys to values for fast access, but does not maintain order.

When should I use a binary search tree instead of a hash table?

You should use a BST when you need to maintain sorted order and perform range queries. A hash table is better for quick lookups when order is not important.

What are the time complexities for operations in both data structures?

For a BST, average time complexity for search, insert, and delete is O(log n), but can degrade to O(n) if unbalanced. For a hash table, these operations are O(1) on average, but can be O(n) in the worst case due to collisions.

Can you give me an example of when a hash table would be more efficient?

A hash table is more efficient when you need to perform many lookups, such as in a caching system where quick access to data is crucial.