What is exception-safe code in C++?

What is exception-safe code in C++?

Exception-safe code in C++ ensures that your program remains in a valid state even when exceptions occur. It involves using techniques like RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization) to manage resources.

Can you give me an example of exception-safe code?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Resource {
public:
    Resource() { /* acquire resource */ }
    ~Resource() { /* release resource */ }
};

void function() {
    Resource res;
    // code that may throw an exception
}

In this example, the resource is automatically released when res goes out of scope, even if an exception is thrown.

What are the different levels of exception safety?

There are three main levels of exception safety:

1. No-throw guarantee: The function will not throw exceptions.
2. Strong guarantee: If an exception is thrown, the state of the program remains unchanged.
3. Basic guarantee: If an exception is thrown, resources are released, but the state may be partially modified.

How can I ensure my code is exception-safe?

To ensure your code is exception-safe, use RAII for resource management, avoid using raw pointers, and handle exceptions properly using try-catch blocks.