How do function pointers affect performance in C++?

How do function pointers affect performance in C++?

Function pointers can introduce overhead due to indirect calls, but they also enable flexibility in code design.

Can you explain the trade-offs between using function pointers and direct function calls?

Direct function calls are faster due to static binding, while function pointers offer dynamic behavior at a cost of speed.

Are there scenarios where function pointers are preferred despite the performance hit?

Yes, in cases where you need callback mechanisms or to implement polymorphism, function pointers are very useful.

What about modern C++ features? Do they provide better alternatives?

Yes, modern C++ offers alternatives like std::function and lambdas, which can provide better performance and safety.