C++ Function Pointers vs Member Function Pointers

What is the difference between function pointers and member function pointers in C++?

Function pointers point to standalone functions, while member function pointers point to functions within a class.

Can you give me an example of how to use both in code?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>

void standaloneFunction() {
    std::cout << "This is a standalone function." << std::endl;
}

class MyClass {
public:
    void memberFunction() {
        std::cout << "This is a member function." << std::endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    // Function pointer
    void (*funcPtr)() = standaloneFunction;
    funcPtr(); // Calls standalone function

    // Member function pointer
    MyClass obj;
    void (MyClass::*memFuncPtr)() = &MyClass::memberFunction;
    (obj.*memFuncPtr)(); // Calls member function
}

What are the use cases for each type of pointer?

Function pointers are useful for callback functions, while member function pointers are great for implementing polymorphism in classes.

Are there any limitations to using these pointers?

Yes, function pointers cannot access class members directly, and member function pointers require an object to call the function.