C++: Lambda Expressions vs std::function

What are the main differences between lambda expressions and std::function in C++?

Lambda expressions are anonymous functions defined inline, while std::function is a type-safe wrapper for callable objects.

Can you give me an example of when to use a lambda instead of std::function?

Sure! Use a lambda for short, simple functions that are used once, like in algorithms. std::function is better for storing and passing around functions.

Are there any performance implications when choosing between the two?

Yes, lambdas can be more efficient since they avoid the overhead of type erasure that std::function incurs.

What about capturing variables in lambdas?

Lambdas can capture variables by value or reference, allowing for flexible use of local context, which std::function cannot do directly.