What are capturing lambda functions in C++?

Can you explain what capturing lambda functions are in C++?

Capturing lambda functions in C++ allow you to use variables from the surrounding scope within the lambda. This is done by capturing them either by value or by reference.

What’s the difference between capturing by value and by reference?

Capturing by value creates a copy of the variable, while capturing by reference allows the lambda to access the original variable. Changes to a referenced variable will affect the original.

Can you give me an example of each?

Sure! For capturing by value: auto lambda1 = [x]() { return x + 1; }; For capturing by reference: auto lambda2 = [&x]() { x += 1; };.

Are there any limitations to using lambda functions?

Yes, lambda functions cannot be used to capture variables that go out of scope, and they must have a defined return type if they are complex.