How do C++ lambda functions capture variables?

Can you explain how C++ lambda functions capture variables?

Sure! In C++, lambda functions can capture variables from their surrounding scope. This can be done by value or by reference.

What’s the difference between capturing by value and by reference?

Capturing by value means a copy of the variable is made, while capturing by reference means the lambda uses the original variable.

Can you give me an example of each?

Of course! For capturing by value: auto lambda = [x]() { return x + 1; }; For capturing by reference: auto lambda = [&x]() { return x + 1; };.

Are there any limitations to capturing variables in lambda functions?

Yes, if a variable goes out of scope, capturing it by reference can lead to undefined behavior. Always ensure the variable's lifetime exceeds that of the lambda.