C++: Map vs Set

What are the main differences between a map and a set in C++?

In C++, a map is a collection of key-value pairs, while a set is a collection of unique elements. Maps allow you to associate values with keys, whereas sets only store unique values.

When should I use a map instead of a set?

You should use a map when you need to associate values with unique keys, like in a dictionary. Use a set when you only need to store unique items without any associated values.

Can you give me an example of when to use each?

Sure! Use a map for storing student IDs as keys and their names as values. Use a set for storing unique tags for a blog post.

Are there performance differences between them?

Yes, maps generally have a higher overhead due to storing key-value pairs, while sets are optimized for storing unique elements. However, the choice depends on your specific use case.