C++: Merge Sort vs Quick Sort

What are the main differences between Merge Sort and Quick Sort in C++?

Merge Sort is a stable, divide-and-conquer algorithm that has a time complexity of O(n log n) in all cases, while Quick Sort is generally faster with an average time complexity of O(n log n) but can degrade to O(n^2) in the worst case.

Which one is better for large datasets?

For large datasets, Quick Sort is often preferred due to its better average-case performance and lower constant factors, but Merge Sort is more reliable for consistent performance.

Can you explain how each algorithm works?

Sure! Merge Sort divides the array into halves, sorts each half, and then merges them back together. Quick Sort selects a 'pivot' element, partitions the array into elements less than and greater than the pivot, and recursively sorts the partitions.

Are there any scenarios where I should use Merge Sort instead?

Yes, you should use Merge Sort when you need stable sorting or when working with linked lists, as it can be more efficient in those cases.