What are the different types of smart pointers in C++?

What are the different types of smart pointers in C++?

In C++, there are three main types of smart pointers: std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, and std::weak_ptr. Each serves a different purpose.

Can you explain std::unique_ptr?

std::unique_ptr is a smart pointer that owns a dynamically allocated object exclusively. It cannot be copied, only moved.

What about std::shared_ptr?

std::shared_ptr allows multiple smart pointers to share ownership of a single object. It keeps a reference count to manage the object's lifetime.

And how does std::weak_ptr fit in?

std::weak_ptr is used in conjunction with std::shared_ptr to prevent circular references. It does not affect the reference count.

When should I use each type of smart pointer?

Use std::unique_ptr for exclusive ownership, std::shared_ptr for shared ownership, and std::weak_ptr to break circular dependencies.