C++: std::function vs Lambda Expressions

What is the difference between std::function and lambda expressions in C++?

std::function is a general-purpose polymorphic function wrapper, while lambda expressions are a way to define anonymous functions.

Can you give me an example of when to use std::function?

Sure! Use std::function when you need to store or pass around callable objects with different types, like in callbacks.

And what about lambda expressions? When should I use them?

Lambdas are great for short, inline functions, especially when you need to capture variables from the surrounding scope.

Are there any performance differences between the two?

Yes, lambdas can be more efficient since they avoid the overhead of type erasure that std::function incurs.