How do I use smart pointers in C++?

How do I use smart pointers in C++?

Smart pointers in C++ are part of the standard library and help manage dynamic memory. The most common types are std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, and std::weak_ptr. Would you like a brief overview of each?

Yes, please explain std::unique_ptr.

std::unique_ptr is a smart pointer that owns a dynamically allocated object exclusively. It cannot be copied, only moved, ensuring that there is only one owner of the resource at any time. This helps prevent memory leaks.

What about std::shared_ptr?

std::shared_ptr allows multiple pointers to share ownership of a dynamically allocated object. It keeps a reference count to manage the lifetime of the object, deleting it when the last shared_ptr pointing to it is destroyed.

When should I use std::weak_ptr?

std::weak_ptr is used in conjunction with std::shared_ptr to prevent circular references. It allows you to observe an object managed by shared_ptr without affecting its reference count.