How do I use locks in C++?

What is the purpose of using locks in C++?

Locks in C++ are used to manage access to shared resources in multithreaded programs, ensuring thread safety.

Can you show me an example of using std::lock?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex mtx;

void print(int id) {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
    std::cout << "Thread " << id << " is running." << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    std::thread t1(print, 1);
    std::thread t2(print, 2);
    t1.join();
    t2.join();
    return 0;
}

What happens if I forget to use a lock?

Forgetting to use a lock can lead to data races, which may cause unpredictable behavior, crashes, or corrupted data.

Are there any alternatives to std::lock?

Yes, alternatives include using atomic operations or other synchronization primitives like condition variables or semaphores.