What are the best practices for using std::vector iterators in C++?

What are the best practices for using std::vector iterators in C++?

When using std::vector iterators, it's important to ensure that you don't invalidate them by modifying the vector. Always prefer using range-based for loops when possible for cleaner code.

Can you explain what iterator invalidation means?

Iterator invalidation occurs when the underlying container is modified in a way that makes existing iterators unusable. For example, adding or removing elements from a vector can invalidate iterators pointing to its elements.

What are some common mistakes to avoid with iterators?

Common mistakes include dereferencing invalidated iterators, using iterators after the container has been modified, and not checking for the end of the iterator before dereferencing.

How can I safely remove elements while iterating?

You can safely remove elements by using the erase-remove idiom or by iterating in reverse. This way, you avoid invalidating iterators.