C++: std::vector Iterators vs Pointers

What are the main differences between std::vector iterators and pointers in C++?

The main differences include safety, functionality, and ease of use. Iterators provide bounds checking and are more flexible.

Can you give an example of how to use both in a loop?

Sure! Here's an example using iterators:

std::vector<int> vec = {1, 2, 3, 4};
for (auto it = vec.begin(); it != vec.end(); ++it) {
    std::cout << *it << ' ';
}

And using pointers:

int* ptr = &vec[0];
for (size_t i = 0; i < vec.size(); ++i) {
    std::cout << *(ptr + i) << ' ';
}

Are there any performance differences between using iterators and pointers?

In general, iterators may have a slight overhead due to additional safety checks, but the difference is often negligible. Pointers can be faster in tight loops, but iterators are safer and more versatile.

When should I prefer using iterators over pointers?

You should prefer iterators when working with STL containers for better safety, readability, and compatibility with algorithms.