How can I use advanced templates in C++?

How can I use advanced templates in C++?

Advanced templates in C++ allow for powerful metaprogramming techniques. You can use template specialization, variadic templates, and concepts to create more flexible and reusable code.

Can you explain template specialization with an example?

Sure! Template specialization allows you to define a specific implementation of a template for a particular type. For example:

template <typename T>
class MyClass {
public:
    void display() { std::cout << "Generic version" << std::endl; }
};

template <> 
class MyClass<int> {
public:
    void display() { std::cout << "Specialized version for int" << std::endl; }
};

In this case, MyClass<int> has a specialized display method.

What are variadic templates and when should I use them?

Variadic templates allow you to create templates that accept an arbitrary number of template parameters. They are useful for creating functions or classes that can handle multiple types or a variable number of arguments. For example:

template <typename... Args>
void func(Args... args) {
    // Process args
}

How do concepts improve template programming in C++?

Concepts provide a way to specify constraints on template parameters, making your templates easier to use and understand. They allow you to enforce that certain types meet specific requirements, improving code readability and reducing errors.