How can I use C++ templates for advanced programming techniques?

How can I use C++ templates for advanced programming techniques?

C++ templates allow you to write generic and reusable code. You can use them for functions, classes, and even template specialization.

Can you give me an example of a template specialization?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

template <typename T>
class Calculator {
public:
    T add(T a, T b) { return a + b; }
};

// Specialization for 'const char*'
template <> 
class Calculator<const char*> {
public:
    const char* add(const char* a, const char* b) { return strcat(strdup(a), b); }
};

What are the benefits of using template metaprogramming?

Template metaprogramming allows for compile-time computations, which can lead to more efficient code and better type safety.

Are there any downsides to using templates?

Yes, templates can lead to code bloat and longer compile times. Additionally, debugging template errors can be more complex.