What is thread safety in C++ multithreading?

What is thread safety in C++ multithreading?

Thread safety in C++ multithreading refers to the property of a piece of code to function correctly during simultaneous execution by multiple threads.

Why is thread safety important?

It's crucial because it prevents data races and ensures that shared data is accessed and modified safely, avoiding unpredictable behavior.

How can I achieve thread safety in my C++ code?

You can achieve thread safety by using synchronization mechanisms like mutexes, locks, and atomic operations to control access to shared resources.

Can you give an example of using a mutex?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <mutex>

std::mutex mtx;
int sharedCounter = 0;

void incrementCounter() {
    mtx.lock();
    ++sharedCounter;
    mtx.unlock();
}

int main() {
    std::thread t1(incrementCounter);
    std::thread t2(incrementCounter);
    t1.join();
    t2.join();
    std::cout << "Final counter value: " << sharedCounter << std::endl;
}

What are the downsides of using mutexes?

Mutexes can lead to performance bottlenecks and deadlocks if not used carefully, as they can block threads waiting for access.