What is polymorphism in C++?

Can you explain what polymorphism is in C++?

Polymorphism in C++ allows methods to do different things based on the object that it is acting upon. It enables a single interface to represent different underlying forms (data types).

How does polymorphism work in practice?

In practice, polymorphism is often implemented through function overriding and function overloading. For example, a base class can define a method, and derived classes can provide specific implementations.

Can you give me a code example?

Sure! Here's a simple example:

class Animal {
public:
    virtual void sound() { std::cout << "Some sound"; }
};

class Dog : public Animal {
public:
    void sound() override { std::cout << "Bark"; }
};

class Cat : public Animal {
public:
    void sound() override { std::cout << "Meow"; }
};

void makeSound(Animal* a) {
    a->sound();
}

int main() {
    Dog dog;
    Cat cat;
    makeSound(&dog); // Outputs: Bark
    makeSound(&cat); // Outputs: Meow
}

This demonstrates how different classes can implement the same method in their own way.

What are the benefits of using polymorphism?

The benefits of using polymorphism include code reusability, easier maintenance, and the ability to implement dynamic method resolution, which enhances flexibility in programming.