What are the best practices for using smart pointers in C++?

What are the best practices for using smart pointers in C++?

Some best practices include using std::unique_ptr for exclusive ownership, std::shared_ptr for shared ownership, and avoiding raw pointers when possible.

Can you explain when to use std::unique_ptr over std::shared_ptr?

Use std::unique_ptr when you want sole ownership of a resource, which helps prevent memory leaks and is more efficient.

What are the potential pitfalls of using std::shared_ptr?

Potential pitfalls include circular references leading to memory leaks and the overhead of reference counting, which can impact performance.

How can I avoid circular references with std::shared_ptr?

You can use std::weak_ptr to break the circular reference by allowing one pointer to reference the object without owning it.