What are the differences between data structures in C++11?

What are the differences between data structures in C++11?

C++11 introduced several new data structures and enhancements. For example, it added std::array, std::unordered_map, and std::unordered_set. These provide better performance and usability compared to traditional structures like arrays and maps.

Can you explain the advantages of using std::unordered_map over std::map?

Certainly! std::unordered_map uses a hash table for storage, which allows for average constant time complexity for lookups, insertions, and deletions. In contrast, std::map is implemented as a balanced tree, which has logarithmic time complexity for these operations.

Are there any scenarios where I should prefer std::map?

Yes, if you need to maintain the order of elements or require range queries, std::map is the better choice since it keeps elements sorted.

What about std::array? How does it differ from regular arrays?

std::array is a fixed-size array that is part of the STL. It provides better safety and functionality, such as bounds checking and integration with STL algorithms, unlike traditional C-style arrays.