What are exception specifications in C++11?

What are exception specifications in C++11?

In C++11, exception specifications are used to specify which exceptions a function might throw. They were introduced to help with error handling.

How do I declare an exception specification?

You can declare an exception specification by using the noexcept keyword or by specifying the exceptions a function can throw, like throw(Type1, Type2).

Are exception specifications still recommended in C++11?

No, they are generally discouraged in C++11 and later. Instead, noexcept is preferred for better performance and clarity.

What happens if a function throws an exception not listed in its specification?

If a function throws an exception not listed in its specification, the program will call std::terminate, leading to program termination.