What are hash functions in C++ and how do they work with unordered maps?

Can you explain what hash functions are in C++?

Hash functions in C++ are algorithms that convert input data into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash code.

How do hash functions work with unordered maps?

In unordered maps, hash functions are used to compute the index for storing key-value pairs, allowing for efficient data retrieval.

What are some common hash functions used in C++?

Common hash functions in C++ include std::hash, which is a default hash function for various data types, and custom hash functions for user-defined types.

Can you give an example of using an unordered map with a hash function?

Sure! Here's a simple example: you can use std::unordered_map to store student names as keys and their grades as values, utilizing std::hash for the keys.