How does hashing work in C++ unordered maps?

Can you explain how hashing works in C++ unordered maps?

Sure! In C++, unordered maps use a hash function to map keys to buckets, allowing for average constant time complexity for lookups.

What happens if two keys hash to the same bucket?

That's called a collision. C++ unordered maps handle collisions using chaining or open addressing to store multiple elements in the same bucket.

How can I customize the hash function for my unordered map?

You can provide a custom hash function by defining a struct or a function object and passing it as a template parameter when declaring the unordered map.

Are there any performance considerations I should be aware of?

Yes, the choice of hash function and the load factor can significantly impact performance. A good hash function minimizes collisions.