What is the difference between a priority queue and a regular queue in C++11?

What is the difference between a priority queue and a regular queue in C++11?

In C++11, a regular queue processes elements in a first-in-first-out (FIFO) manner, while a priority queue orders elements based on their priority.

Can you give me an example of how to implement both in C++11?

Sure! For a regular queue, you can use std::queue, and for a priority queue, use std::priority_queue. Here's a simple example:

#include <queue>
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::queue<int> regularQueue;
    std::priority_queue<int> priorityQueue;

    // Adding elements to the regular queue
    regularQueue.push(1);
    regularQueue.push(2);
    regularQueue.push(3);

    // Adding elements to the priority queue
    priorityQueue.push(3);
    priorityQueue.push(1);
    priorityQueue.push(2);

    // Processing regular queue
    while (!regularQueue.empty()) {
        std::cout << "Regular Queue: " << regularQueue.front() << '\n';
        regularQueue.pop();
    }

    // Processing priority queue
    while (!priorityQueue.empty()) {
        std::cout << "Priority Queue: " << priorityQueue.top() << '\n';
        priorityQueue.pop();
    }
}

What are the use cases for each type of queue?

Regular queues are great for tasks like scheduling processes, while priority queues are useful for scenarios like task scheduling where certain tasks need to be prioritized.