How does C++ handle set operations efficiently?

How does C++ handle set operations efficiently?

C++ uses the Standard Template Library (STL) which provides efficient set operations through data structures like std::set.

What are the time complexities for operations like union and intersection?

For std::set, both union and intersection operations typically have a time complexity of O(n log n) due to the underlying balanced tree structure.

Are there any alternatives to std::set for better performance?

Yes, you can use std::unordered_set for average O(1) time complexity for insertions and lookups, but it doesn't maintain order.

What about memory usage? Is std::set more memory efficient?

std::set generally uses more memory due to its tree structure, while std::unordered_set may use more memory for hash tables, depending on load factors.