What is the std::transform_iterator in C++11?

Can you explain what std::transform_iterator is in C++11?

Sure! std::transform_iterator is an iterator adaptor that applies a transformation function to the elements of another iterator.

How do I use std::transform_iterator in my code?

You can use it by including the header <iterator> and then creating a transform iterator by passing a base iterator and a transformation function.

Can you give me a code example?

Of course! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>

int square(int x) { return x * x; }

int main() {
    std::vector<int> vec = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
    std::transform_iterator<int(*)(int), std::vector<int>::iterator> it(vec.begin(), square);
    std::transform_iterator<int(*)(int), std::vector<int>::iterator> end(vec.end(), square);

    for (; it != end; ++it) {
        std::cout << *it << " ";
    }
    return 0;
}

What are the advantages of using std::transform_iterator?

The main advantages are improved code readability and the ability to apply transformations on-the-fly without modifying the original data.