How do I use iterators in C++11 STL?

Can you explain how to use iterators in C++11 STL?

Sure! In C++11, iterators are used to traverse elements in STL containers like vectors, lists, and maps. They provide a way to access elements without exposing the underlying structure.

What are the different types of iterators available?

There are several types of iterators: input iterators, output iterators, forward iterators, bidirectional iterators, and random access iterators. Each type has its own capabilities and use cases.

Can you give me an example of using a vector iterator?

Absolutely! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main() {
    std::vector<int> vec = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
    for (std::vector<int>::iterator it = vec.begin(); it != vec.end(); ++it) {
        std::cout << *it << ' ';
    }
    return 0;
}

This code iterates through a vector and prints each element.

What about using range-based for loops with iterators?

Range-based for loops are a great feature in C++11! You can simplify the iteration like this:

for (const auto& value : vec) {
    std::cout << value << ' ';
}

This automatically uses iterators under the hood and makes the code cleaner.