How do I use static variables in C++?

Can you explain how to use static variables in C++?

Sure! In C++, a static variable retains its value between function calls. It is declared using the 'static' keyword.

What is the difference between static variables and global variables?

Static variables are limited to the scope of the function they are declared in, while global variables can be accessed from anywhere in the program.

Can you give me an example of a static variable in a function?

Of course! Here's a simple example:

#include <iostream>

void counter() {
    static int count = 0; // static variable
    count++;
    std::cout << "Count: " << count << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    counter(); // Count: 1
    counter(); // Count: 2
    return 0;
}

This function increments the count each time it's called.

Are there any drawbacks to using static variables?

Yes, one drawback is that static variables can lead to unexpected behavior in multi-threaded programs, as they are shared across all calls.