C++17: std::optional vs std::variant

What are the main differences between std::optional and std::variant in C++17?

std::optional is used to represent an optional value, while std::variant can hold one of several types. Would you like more details?

Can you give me an example of when to use std::optional?

Sure! Use std::optional when a function might not return a value, like searching for an item that may not exist.

And what about std::variant? When should I use that?

Use std::variant when you need a variable that can hold multiple types, like a value that can be either an int or a string.

Are there any performance considerations between the two?

Yes, std::optional is generally lighter since it only holds one value, while std::variant can be larger due to multiple types.