C++: Dynamic Programming vs Greedy Algorithms

What is the difference between dynamic programming and greedy algorithms in C++?

Dynamic programming solves problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems and storing their solutions. Greedy algorithms, on the other hand, make the best choice at each step without considering future consequences.

Can you give an example of a problem that uses dynamic programming?

Sure! The Fibonacci sequence is a classic example. Using dynamic programming, you can store previously calculated Fibonacci numbers to avoid redundant calculations.

What about a problem that can be solved with a greedy algorithm?

A common example is the coin change problem, where you want to make change for a certain amount using the fewest coins possible. A greedy approach would involve always taking the largest denomination coin first.

When should I use dynamic programming over greedy algorithms?

Use dynamic programming when the problem has overlapping subproblems and optimal substructure. If the problem can be solved by making a series of local optimal choices, then a greedy algorithm may be more suitable.