What are some examples of STL containers in C++?

What are some examples of STL containers in C++?

In C++, STL (Standard Template Library) provides several container types. Some common examples include:

1. vector - A dynamic array that can resize itself.
2. list - A doubly linked list that allows for efficient insertions and deletions.
3. deque - A double-ended queue that allows fast insertions and deletions at both ends.
4. set - A collection of unique elements, sorted by default.
5. map - A collection of key-value pairs, where keys are unique.

Can you explain how a vector works?

Sure! A vector in C++ is a sequence container that encapsulates dynamic size arrays. It allows you to add or remove elements easily. You can access elements using an index, just like an array. Vectors automatically manage memory, resizing as needed when elements are added or removed.

What are the advantages of using a list over a vector?

The main advantages of using a list over a vector are:

1. Efficient insertions and deletions: Lists allow for constant time insertions and deletions from anywhere in the container, while vectors may require shifting elements.
2. No need for contiguous memory: Lists can grow and shrink without needing contiguous memory, which can be beneficial in certain scenarios.

Are there any performance considerations I should be aware of?

Yes, performance considerations include:

1. Access time: Vectors provide faster access to elements due to contiguous memory, while lists have slower access times because they require traversal.
2. Memory overhead: Lists have more memory overhead due to storing pointers for each element, while vectors are more memory-efficient.