How can I optimize memory usage in C++ STL containers?

How can I optimize memory usage in C++ STL containers?

To optimize memory usage in C++ STL containers, consider using the right container for your data type, reserving space in advance, and minimizing copies.

What does reserving space in advance do?

Reserving space in advance prevents multiple reallocations as the container grows, which can save time and reduce memory fragmentation.

Are there specific containers that are more memory efficient?

Yes, for example, std::vector is generally more memory efficient than std::list for random access, while std::deque can be better for frequent insertions and deletions.

How can I measure the memory usage of my STL containers?

You can use the sizeof operator to get the size of the container itself, but for dynamic memory, consider using tools like Valgrind or built-in profiling tools.