What are iterators in C++ and how do they work?

What are iterators in C++ and how do they work?

Iterators in C++ are objects that allow you to traverse through the elements of a container, like arrays or vectors, without exposing the underlying structure.

Can you explain the different types of iterators available in C++?

Sure! C++ has several types of iterators: input iterators, output iterators, forward iterators, bidirectional iterators, and random access iterators, each with different capabilities.

What is the difference between a vector iterator and a list iterator?

A vector iterator allows random access to elements, meaning you can jump to any position, while a list iterator only allows sequential access due to the linked list structure.

How do I implement a custom iterator in C++?

To implement a custom iterator, you need to define a class that overloads the necessary operators like ++, *, and !=, and maintain the state of the iteration.