What are the best practices for using iterators in C++?

What are the best practices for using iterators in C++?

When using iterators in C++, it's important to ensure that they are valid and not dereferenced after the container is modified. Always prefer using range-based for loops when possible for cleaner code.

Can you explain the difference between input and output iterators?

Sure! Input iterators allow reading data from a container, while output iterators are used for writing data to a container. Input iterators can only be used to traverse the data in one direction, whereas output iterators can be used to insert data.

What are some common mistakes to avoid with iterators?

Common mistakes include dereferencing invalid iterators, modifying a container while iterating through it, and not checking for the end of the container before dereferencing.

How do I implement a custom iterator?

To implement a custom iterator, you need to define a class that overloads the necessary operators like ++, *, and !=. This class should also maintain a reference to the container it iterates over.

Are there any performance considerations I should keep in mind?

Yes, using iterators can sometimes introduce overhead, especially with complex data structures. It's important to choose the right type of iterator for your needs, as some may be more efficient than others.